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版画について
「版画」とは：
「木・金属･石などの板面に図柄を描刻して版を作り、インク・絵の具などを塗って印刷した絵」のこと。
版画の種類：
| アクアチント (aquatint) |
松脂の粉末でおおった金属板を腐食して刷る凸版技法。 |
| コラグラフ (collagraph) |
厚紙や他の様々な素材を板に貼り付けて刷られる凸版や凹版手法。 |
| エングレーヴィング (engraving, embossment) |
金属板に直接彫り、その彫りふちのまくれを取り除いてくっきりした鋭い線を出す凹版手法。 |
| エッチング (etching) |
防蝕剤を塗った金属板に鋭い鉄の針でイメージを描き、その部分を酸で腐食して溝を作る。その溝にインクを残し、他は拭きとって刷る凹版手法。仏語でオーフォルテ、伊語でアクワフォルテという。 |
| 凹版 (intaglio) |
金属板に彫られた溝にインクを詰め、残りの部分を拭きとって、重いプレス機で刷る版画の基本技法。 |
| リノリウム版 (linoleum block) |
凸版の手法の一つでリノリウム版に彫られる。ライノカットとも呼ばれる。 |
| リトグラフ (lithograph) |
石版や金属板の平坦な面にイメージを油脂性の材料で描き、これを硝酸ゴム液で処理し、描いた部分にのみインクがのる様にした平版の一つ。 |
| メゾティント (mezzotint) |
金属板にロッカーやルーレットで表面をざらざらにしておき、黒が全体に刷られるよう質感を整えてから削ったり磨いたりして明暗の変化をつける凹版手法。 |
| オフセット リトグラフ (offset lithograph) |
平版のリトグラフ手法で、通常は大量生産に使われる。 |
| 凸版 (relief) |
版画の基本的技法で版画に刷られた凸部のインクを写しとる。 |
| シルクスクリーン (silkscreen) |
孔版の中で一般的によく知られている手法。厚紙の変わりに枠に張った布を用い、必要部分のみ残して後は紙や膠で布の目をつぶして製版する。 |
| 孔版 (stencil) |
紙や布やプラスティックで型紙を作り、型の切り穴の部分を通してインクが刷り込まれ下の紙に写される手法。 |
| 木版 (woodblock/woodcut/wood engraving) | 凸版の一種で板目木版 (woodcut)と木口木版 (wood engraving)があり、前者は木を縦に置いた板にイメージ部分を残して彫り、絵の具をつけて刷る。後者は木を横に輪切りにして凸部を作る。 |
| キアロスクーロ木版画 (Chiaroscuro) | キアロスクーロ木版画は2色以上で刷り、chiaroscuro（明暗法）を駆使することによって形象に立体感を付与する。 通常、主版（ラインブロック）と色版（トーンブロック）がある。 |
Glossary of Terms:
| Aquatint | An intaglio technique in which areas of tone are produced by pitting the metal plate (in an acid bath) to retain ink. |
| Collagraph | A relief or intaglio printing method from a plate to which pieces of cardboard or other materials are glued. |
| Engraving, embossment | An intaglio technique in which fine lines are incised directly into the plate and the burrs are removed to produce clean, sharp lines on the print. |
| Etching | An intaglio process in which a metal (copper, zinc, or aluminum) plate is coated with an acid resist material. A sharp instrument draws the image in the acid resist. When the plate is immersed in acid, the exposed metal is 'eaten' away, producing a groove in the metal to retain the ink. |
| Intaglio | A basic printmaking process in which the incised or cut grooves of a metal plate hold the ink and print the image. A heavy press is used to transfer ink from the plate to the paper. |
| Linoleum block | A relief method that uss a linoleum block instead of a wood block. |
| Lithograph | A planographic method in which the image is drawn on the stone or metal palte with a greasy substance which will retain ink. The non-image areas accept water but not ink. To print the image, paper is placed on the plate and both are run through a lithgraph press. |
| Mezzotint | An intaglio method in which the surface of the metal plate is roughened with a serrated tool (rocker or roulette) to retain ink. |
| Offset lithograph | A lithographic process, commonly used fro mass production printing, in which the image is taken from the plate by a rubber roller and then transferred to the paper. |
| Relief | A basic printmaking process in which the upper surfaces of a block are inked and printed on paper. The cut-away areas of the block do not print. |
| Silkscreen | Also called serigraph. A stencil process, widely used today, in which fabric is stretched over a frame and an ink-resistant opaque material (stencil) is bonded to it. Paper is placed beneath the frame and a squeegee forces ink through the screen forming an image on the paper below. |
| Stencil | A basic printmaking process which utilizes a system of two materials: one acting as an block for the ink (commonly referred to as the stencil) and the other porous to permit the flow of ink. The cut-out areas in the stencil that permit the flow of ink are the image-producing portions of the stencil. |
| Woodblock/woodcut/wood engraving | A relief printing technique in which the image is transferred to the paper from the inked, raised surfaces of the block which has been carved to remove material from the non-printing surfaces. Woodblock also refers to the block (printing medium) itself and the print that is made via this process. Woodcut is often used interchangeably with woodblock, especially when it refers to the print. Wood engraving is a woodblock technique in which the end grain of wood is carved to produce fine lines in the printed image. |
ガッレリア・アッシジ
〒277-0863 千葉県柏市豊四季119-29
Tel & Fax 04-7103-8005
Email: assisi@jcom.home.ne.jp
http://members3.jcom.home.ne.jp/assisi/